If the concentration of the Pu

If the concentration of the Pumilio protein is uniformthroughout the drosophila egg cytoplasm, then how does it inhibitthe production of the Hunchback protein at the posterior end butnot the anterior end of the embryo?
A.
The strongly reducing environment in the posterior parts ofthe embryo causes cleavage of intramolecular disulfide bonds tocause of activation of Pumilio
B.
Drosophila embryogenesis depends on a combination of processesdescribed in all the above process
C.
High pH of the posterior end of the embryo causes localactivation of Pumilio, which then suppresses Hunchbackexpression
D.
The protein Pumilio inhibits transcription of the hunchbackmRNA only in the presence of Nanos, which is present in adecreasing gradient from posterior to anterior
E.
Specific kinases highly expressed in the posterior end of theembryo phosphorylate and activate the locally present Pumilomolecules, which then suppress the production of Hunchback
2. Draw the structures of the four DNA bases in your scrapbookand state the position of the substitutions on the central ringstructure. Name the central ring structure
A.
A: 6-aminopurine; G: 2-amino 6-hydroxypurine; C: 2-hydroxy4-aminopyrimidine; T: 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine
B.
A: 4-aminopurine; G: 2-amino 4-hydroxypurine; C: 2-hydroxy4-aminopyrimidine; T: 2,4- dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine
C.
A: 4-aminopurine; G: 2-amino 4-hydroxypurine; C: 2-hydroxy4-aminopyrimidine; T: 2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine
D.
A: 4-aminopurine; G: 2-amino 4-hydroxypurine; C: 2-hydroxy6-aminopyrimidine; T: 2,6-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine
E.
A: 6-aminopurine; G: 2-amino 6-hydroxypurine; C: 2-hydroxy4-aminopyrimidine; U: 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine
3.
What is a chi sequence?
A.
5’-GGTGCTGG-3’; it is a site where the Rec D nuclease activityon the strand with the 5’-end is suppressed
B.
5’-GGGCGTGC-3’; it is a site where the RecBCD nucleaseactivity on the strand with the 3’-end is suppressed
C.
5’-GCTGGTGG-3’; it is a site where the Rec B nuclease activityon the strand with the 3’-end is suppressed
D.
5’- GCTGGTGG -3’; it is site at which an endonuclease cut ismade
E.
5’-AAUAAA-3’; it is site at which an endonuclease cut ismade

Answer:

Correct answers

1.If the concentration of the Pumilio proteinis uniform throughout the drosophila egg cytoplasm, then how doesit inhibit the production of the Hunchback protein at the posteriorend but not the anterior end of the embryo?

D. The protein Pumilio inhibits transcriptionof the hunchback mRNA only in the presence of Nanos, which ispresent in a decreasing gradient from posterior to anterior.

pumilio is a Drosophila gene which expressed maternally andthere is uniformly dispersed throughout the embryo. Pumilio isrequired for embryonic development. During early embryonicdevelopment when the genome is transcriptionally silent maternallyderived mRNA transcripts regulates the expression patterns of theembryo. During this stage, mRNA encoding Hunchback are regulated byPumilio. Hunchback mRNA is distributed throughout the embryo butthe protein must be restricted to the embryonic anterior. Nanosspatially restricts Hunchback expression by originating from theposterior pole and thus opposing the Hunchback gradient.

for repression of Hunchback there are Nanos response elements(NREs) whuch are the RNA sequences located in the 3′ untranslatedregion (3′ UTR) of Hunchback mRNA, These NREs are the binding sitesfor Pumilio. A trimeric Nanos-Pumilio-NRE complex is formed whenNanos partners with Pumilio on the NREs, This complax in turnrepresses Hunchback .

2. Draw the structures of the four DNA bases inyour scrapbook and state the position of the substitutions on thecentral ring structure. Name the central ring structure.

A. A: 6-aminopurine; G: 2-amino6-hydroxypurine; C: 2-hydroxy 4-aminopyrimidine; T:2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine

3. What is a chi sequence?

C. 5’-GCTGGTGG-3’; it is a site where the Rec Bnuclease activity on the strand with the 3’-end is suppressed.

In the genomes of enteric bacteria Chi sites are recombinationhot spots. RecB acts as 3′-5′ helicase, nuclease.


 
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