Directions: Use the Crosstabs
Directions: Use the Crosstabs option in the Descriptives menu to answer the questions based on the following scenario. (Be sure to select Chi-square from the Statistics submenu and Observed, Expected, Row, and Column in the Cells submenu. Assume a level of significance of .05) The school district recently adopted the use of e-textbooks, and the superintendent is interested in determining the level of satisfaction with e-textbooks among students and if there is a relationship between the level of satisfaction and student classification. The superintendent selected a sample of students from one high school and asked them how satisfied they were with the use of e-textbooks.
The data that were collected are presented
Student Classification (N = 128)
Satisfied Yes Freshman 20; Sophomore 21; Junior 11; Senior 13
No Freshman 11: Sophomore 7; Junior 23; Senior 22
1. Of the students that were satisfied, what percent were Freshmen, Sophomore, Junior, and Senior? (Round your final answer to 1 decimal place).
2. State an appropriate null hypothesis for this analysis.
3. What is the value of the chi-square statistic?
4. What are the reported degrees of freedom?
5. What is the reported level of significance?
6. Based on the results of the chi-square test of independence, is there an association between e-textbook satisfaction and academic classification?
7. Present the results as they might appear in an article.
Answer:
We have used SPSS to generate the result. Following are thescreenshots how be performed analysis:
1. First we entered the data in SPSS
1 = Freshman, 2= Sophomore, 3 = Junior, and 4 =Senior
0 = No and 1 = Yes
2. Crosstab option is selected from analyze drop-down menu
3. Chi Square Test box is ticked under Crosstab dialog box
4. For calculating row, column, and total percentages, Row,Column, and Total options are ticked under Crosstab: Cell displaydialog box
4. Click Ok to see the result.
Answer 1)
From the aboveSPSS output, it can be seen that of the students that weresatisfied, 30.8% were Freshmen, 32.3% were Sophomore, 16.9% wereJunior, and 20% were Senior.
Answer 2)
Null Hypothesis: There is no association between e-textbooksatisfaction and academic classification
Alternative Hypothesis: There is association between e-textbooksatisfaction and academic classification
Answer 3)
From the above SPSS Chi-Square Tests output, it can be seen thatvalue of Chi Square statistics is 16.135
Answer 4)
From the above SPSS Chi-Square Tests output, it can be seen thatthe reported degrees of freedom is 3
Answer 5)
From the above SPSS Chi-Square Tests output, it can be seen thatthe reported level of significance 0.001
We have answered 5 parts
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